Glossary

Descender

A descender is the portion of a letter that descends below the baseline.

Decay and Radius (Spiral)

A spiral or helical line is a curve that circles a point or axis and moves away from or closer to that center, depending on the viewer's perspective. It is a curve that emits from a central point, moving further away as it rotates around the central point. The Spiral circles in a continuous and gradually widening (or tightening) curve, either around a central point on a flat plane or a vertical or horizontal axis. A spiral can rotate clockwise or counterclockwise. The spiral curve can be found frequently in nature.

A spiral can be either two-dimensional or three-dimensional. The three-dimensional variation of the spiral is called the Helix. (The Double-Helix Structure of DNA is an example of a three-dimensional spiral.) The amount of the curve's progressive widening (or tightening)is called decay. The decay indicates how fast the spiral tapers to its rotation point. The larger the amount of decay, the faster the spiral is tapered to the central point and vice versa. If a spiral has an initial radius, it signifies that the starting point of the tapering rotation does not begin at the central point. The delayed rotation in the shape's center creates an inner emptiness radius defined as the initial radius.

DPI/PPI

PPI (pixels per inch) refers to the pixel density of a digital image. It signifies how many pixels are placed within a 1-inch line. The PPI metric is used with digital cameras, monitors, screens, scanners, displays, and projectors.

The following attributes define the PPI metric:

• The color value can range from 1-48 bit
• Fixed-size per pixel
• Every pixel is filled with a singular color

There’s no PPI set for vector images, as vectors do not consist of pixels but on a mathematical equation. Nevertheless, a target printing size (DPI) must be defined before printing the vector file.

DPI is an abbreviation for dots per inch. It’s a measurement used in video, image, or printing scanners. It signifies the number of dots placed in a line within an inch. DPI denotes an image’s dot density when reproduced in the physical world, as a printed paper, f.e.x. It refers to the output resolution of a printer, video, or image scanner.